Komparasi Algoritma Enkripsi Simetris dan Asimetris Berdasarkan Avalanche Effect dan Waktu Komputasi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53513/jursi.v5i3.12855Keywords:
Enkripsi, Algoritma Simetris, Algoritma Asimetris, Avalanche Effect, Waktu KomputasiAbstract
Keamanan data menjadi aspek kritis dalam sistem informasi modern karena ancaman siber semakin kompleks dan kebutuhan perlindungan data terus meningkat. Pemilihan algoritma enkripsi yang tepat perlu mempertimbangkan kekuatan keamanan dan efisiensi pemrosesan. Penelitian ini membandingkan performa enam algoritma enkripsi, yaitu AES-128, AES-256, DES, 3DES, RSA-1024, dan RSA-2048, menggunakan data sintetis berupa plainteks berukuran 128-bit, 256-bit, 512-bit, dan 1024-bit pada lingkungan pengujian terkontrol. Parameter evaluasi mencakup avalanche effect sebagai indikator difusi kriptografis dan waktu komputasi sebagai indikator efisiensi. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa AES-256 menghasilkan nilai avalanche effect rata-rata 49,98%, paling dekat dengan nilai ideal 50% dibanding algoritma lain. Algoritma simetris secara umum memiliki waktu komputasi lebih rendah daripada algoritma asimetris, terutama pada ukuran plainteks yang lebih besar. DES menunjukkan performa terendah dengan nilai avalanche effect yang tidak stabil. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, AES-256 direkomendasikan untuk sistem yang membutuhkan kecepatan dan keamanan tinggi, sedangkan RSA-2048 lebih tepat digunakan untuk pertukaran kunci dan autentikasi digital.
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